WBCS English Practice Set : Transformation of Sentences

Correct Answer: (A) He is so honest that he cannot accept a bribe.

Explanation: The structure ‘too + adjective + to + infinitive’ is transformed into ‘so + adjective + that + subject + cannot/could not + verb’. Since the original sentence is in the present tense, ‘cannot’ is used.

Correct Answer: (B) Everybody knows him.

Explanation: An interrogative sentence starting with ‘Who does not…’ is made assertive by replacing it with ‘Everybody…’. The meaning remains the same: the question implies that everyone knows him.

Correct Answer: (B) He asked me if I was unwell.

Explanation: In indirect speech, a reporting verb like ‘said to’ changes to ‘asked’ for questions. The conjunction ‘if’ or ‘whether’ is used for yes/no questions. The question form (‘are you’) changes to a statement form (‘I was’).

Correct Answer: (D) I failed to find him in the room.

Explanation: To change a negative sentence to an affirmative one without changing the meaning, we often use a word with the opposite meaning. ‘Did not find’ is equivalent to ‘failed to find’. ‘He was absent’ (A) is also correct, but (D) is a more direct transformation of the verb phrase.

Correct Answer: (B) As soon as the bell rang, the students rushed out.

Explanation: The structure ‘No sooner did… than…’ is replaced by ‘As soon as…’. The inverted verb form (‘did the bell ring’) in the ‘No sooner’ clause is changed back to the standard past tense form (‘the bell rang’) after ‘As soon as’.

Correct Answer: (B) None but the brave deserve the fair.

Explanation: When ‘Only’ refers to a person or a group of people, it is replaced by ‘None but’ to make the sentence negative without changing the meaning.

Correct Answer: (C) English is spoken all over the world.

Explanation: The object ‘English’ becomes the subject. The verb ‘speak’ (Present Simple) changes to ‘is spoken’ (is + V3). The agent ‘by people’ is generic and can be omitted for a more natural-sounding passive sentence.

Correct Answer: (B) It is a very beautiful sight.

Explanation: To change an exclamatory sentence to an assertive one, ‘What a…’ is replaced by ‘It is a very…’. The exclamatory mark is replaced by a full stop.

Correct Answer: (C) Kolkata is more populous than any other city in West Bengal.

Explanation: The superlative degree (‘the most populous’) is changed to the comparative degree (‘more populous than’) followed by ‘any other’ to maintain the same meaning of uniqueness.

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and C are correct.

Explanation: A compound sentence can be changed into a simple sentence using a participle (‘Working hard…’) or a prepositional phrase (‘due to his hard work’). Both (A) and (C) are grammatically correct simple sentences that convey the original meaning.

Correct Answer: (B) The problem was too complicated to be solved.

Explanation: The complex sentence structure ‘so + adjective + that + subject + could not’ is converted into a simple sentence using ‘too + adjective + to + infinitive’.

Correct Answer: (B) Shut the door.

Explanation: The passive imperative ‘Let…be + V3’ is converted to the active imperative form (V1 + object). The implied subject ‘you’ is understood.

Correct Answer: (C) Work hard or you will fail.

Explanation: A conditional complex sentence (‘If…not…’) can be converted into a compound sentence using the coordinator ‘or’ to present an alternative/consequence.

Correct Answer: (C) No other metal is as useful as iron.

Explanation: When changing from superlative (‘the most…’) to positive, we start with ‘No other’ and use the ‘as + adjective + as’ structure to show that the subject is unparalleled.

Correct Answer: (B) The teacher said that the Earth moves round the sun.

Explanation: When the reported speech states a universal truth or a scientific fact, the tense of the verb inside the quotation marks does not change, even if the reporting verb is in the past.

Correct Answer: (A) Despite being rich, he is not happy.

Explanation: A compound sentence showing contrast (using ‘but’) can be converted to a simple sentence using ‘In spite of’ or ‘Despite’ followed by a noun phrase or gerund.

Correct Answer: (A) A diligent man is sure to succeed.

Explanation: The adjective clause ‘who is diligent’ can be replaced by the adjective ‘diligent’ placed before the noun ‘man’ it modifies, thus simplifying the complex sentence.

Correct Answer: (C) His behaviour surprised me.

Explanation: The subject of the passive sentence (‘I’) becomes the object of the active sentence. The object of the preposition (‘his behaviour’) becomes the subject. The verb ‘was surprised’ (Past Simple Passive) becomes ‘surprised’ (Past Simple Active).

Correct Answer: (A) He confessed that he was guilty.

Explanation: The noun ‘guilt’ is expanded into a noun clause ‘that he was guilty’. This changes the simple sentence into a complex sentence with a main clause and a subordinate clause.

Correct Answer: (B) He must work hard so that he can win the first prize.

Explanation: The infinitive of purpose (‘to win’) in the simple sentence can be expanded into an adverbial clause of purpose using ‘so that’ or ‘in order that’.

Correct Answer: (C) Akbar was greater than most other kings.

Explanation: The superlative structure ‘one of the…’ indicates that the subject is among a group of great ones, not the single greatest. To convert this to comparative, we use ‘…than most other…’ or ‘…than many other…’.

Correct Answer: (D) All of the above.

Explanation: The passive infinitive ‘to be trifled with’ implies a general, unspecified agent. ‘One’, ‘we’, or ‘you’ can all be used as the subject in the active form to represent this general agent.

Correct Answer: (A) He said to me, “What is your name?”

Explanation: The reporting verb ‘asked’ becomes ‘said to’. The statement form ‘what my name was’ becomes the question form ‘What is your name?’. The past tense ‘was’ becomes present ‘is’, and ‘my’ becomes ‘your’.

Correct Answer: (D) Brutus had love for Caesar.

Explanation: This is a case of litotes (a figure of speech using a double negative). ‘Not without love’ means ‘with love’ or ‘had love’. Option (D) is the most direct affirmative transformation.

Correct Answer: (A) I know the man coming here yesterday.

Explanation: While less common in formal writing, an adjective clause can sometimes be reduced to a participial phrase. However, a better simple sentence would be “I know the man who came yesterday” which is complex. A strict simple conversion is awkward. Among the choices, (A) attempts to create a simple sentence by using a participle, but it’s grammatically clumsy. A more accurate simple form isn’t listed. Let’s re-evaluate. A better simple sentence might be “I know yesterday’s visitor”. Since that’s not an option, we look for the best fit. Let’s provide a better set of options for this question. A better conversion would be “I know the man from yesterday”. Let’s assume the question meant to be simpler. Let’s rephrase the question and options for clarity.
Re-evaluation: Let’s consider a better question. “The boy who is sitting on the bench is my brother.” -> “The boy sitting on the bench is my brother.” In the given options, (A) is the closest attempt at this but awkward. The question itself is flawed in its options. For the sake of choosing the ‘best’ intended answer, (A) reduces the clause, but it is not ideal. A better answer set is needed. Let’s create one.
Corrected Question/Options: “I know the boy who is wearing a blue shirt.” (A) I know the boy in a blue shirt. (B) The boy wears a blue shirt and I know him. (C) I know the boy wearing a blue shirt. (D) Both A and C. In this case, (D) would be correct. For the original question, there’s no perfect simple sentence option.

Correct Answer: (B) This is not the way a gentleman should behave.

Explanation: This is a rhetorical question. The implied meaning is negative. The speaker is expressing disapproval, meaning that this is *not* the correct way for a gentleman to behave.

Correct Answer: (B) As soon as he arrived, the trouble started.

Explanation: The structure ‘Hardly had… when…’ is replaced by ‘As soon as…’. The inverted past perfect (‘had he arrived’) is changed to the simple past (‘he arrived’). Both clauses are typically in the same tense (Simple Past).

Correct Answer: (A) I am not so great as he is.

Explanation: To change a comparative sentence to a negative one without changing the meaning, the subjects are swapped, and the positive form of the adjective is used with ‘not so/as…as’.

Correct Answer: (B) The captain said to the soldiers, “March on.”

Explanation: The reporting verb ‘ordered’ indicates an imperative sentence. The indirect command ‘to march on’ becomes the direct command ‘March on.’ in quotes. Option (D) is also very close, but (B) is the most standard conversion from the given indirect sentence.

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and C are correct.

Explanation: The infinitive of purpose ‘to live’ can be expanded into a clause. ‘We must eat if we are to live’ uses a conditional clause. ‘If we do not eat, we cannot live’ also expresses the same purpose/condition in a negative-conditional form. Both are valid complex sentences conveying the original meaning.

Correct Answer: (C) His success was more than what he had expected.

Explanation: The phrase ‘beyond his expectations’ means it surpassed what he expected. Using the verb ‘expect’ in a clause ‘what he had expected’ correctly transforms the sentence while preserving the meaning.

Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C are correct.

Explanation: An affirmative assertive sentence starting with ‘Everyone’ can be changed into a rhetorical question using ‘Who does not…?’ or a tag-like question ‘Doesn’t everyone…?’. Both convey the same meaning that the statement is true.

Correct Answer: (B) Besides being clever, she is industrious.

Explanation: The original is a compound sentence (using ‘both…and’). To make it simple, we can use a prepositional phrase. ‘Besides being clever…’ serves this purpose. Option (A) changes the structure by adding ‘girl’, which isn’t in the original. Option (C) is another compound form.

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and B are correct.

Explanation: The positive degree sentence ‘A is not as…as B’ can be changed to comparative in two ways: by swapping the subjects (‘B is more…than A’) or by keeping the subjects and using ‘less’ (‘A is less…than B’). Both (A) and (B) are correct transformations.

Correct Answer: (B) It is very kind of you to help him.

Explanation: An exclamatory sentence starting with ‘How…’ is changed to assertive by using ‘It is very…’ or ‘…is very…’. Option (B) is the most natural and complete assertive transformation.

Correct Answer: (A) He must confess his fault or he will not escape punishment.

Explanation: The simple sentence with an infinitive of purpose can be converted to a compound sentence expressing an alternative/consequence using ‘or’. The second clause must be a complete sentence that logically follows as the alternative.

Correct Answer: (A) I am certain that I will give you satisfaction.

Explanation: The prepositional phrase ‘of giving…’ is expanded into a noun clause ‘that I will give…’ to form a complex sentence. Option (D) is also a complex sentence but restructures it significantly.

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and C.

Explanation: The rhetorical question ‘Why waste…?’ suggests that it is a foolish or wrong thing to do. Both (A), which calls it foolish, and (C), which gives advice against it, are valid assertive interpretations of the original question’s intent.

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and C are correct.

Explanation: The compound sentence can be simplified by using a prepositional phrase expressing cause (‘for his disobedience’) or by using a participle phrase (‘Being disobedient…’). Both (A) and (C) are correct simple sentences.

Correct Answer: (B) He said, “Please give me a chance.”

Explanation: The reporting verb ‘pleaded’ and the subjunctive ‘might be given’ suggest a polite request. In direct speech, this is best represented by ‘Please…’. Option C is also close, but ‘Please’ better captures the sense of pleading.

Correct Answer: (A) A stone that rolls gathers no moss.

Explanation: The participle adjective ‘rolling’ can be expanded into an adjective clause ‘that rolls’ to change the simple sentence into a complex one.

Correct Answer: (C) No one will forget your services.

Explanation: The passive negative ‘will not be forgotten’ implies a positive universal action in the active form. ‘Not forgotten’ means ‘remembered by everyone’. The most emphatic and correct active form is ‘No one will forget…’. ‘We will not forget’ is also possible but ‘No one’ is a stronger, more fitting transformation.

Correct Answer: (C) Shakespeare is the greatest dramatist.

Explanation: The comparative form ‘…greater than any other…’ signifies that the subject is unique in its quality. This is transformed into the superlative degree using ‘the greatest’.

Correct Answer: (A) None but God can help us.

Explanation: When ‘Only’ modifies a noun/pronoun (here, God), it is replaced by ‘None but’ to create a negative sentence without changing the meaning.

Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C are correct.

Explanation: The complex sentence structure ‘so…that…will not’ can be simplified using ‘too…to’. It can also be simplified by using a noun (‘pride’) as the subject of a phrase. Both (B) and (C) are valid and correct simple sentences.

Correct Answer: (D) He admitted his mistake.

Explanation: The noun clause ‘that he had made a mistake’ can be simplified to the noun phrase ‘his mistake’. (A) is also a valid simple sentence using a gerund, but (D) is more concise.

Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C are correct.

Explanation: Optative sentences (expressing wishes, prayers) in direct speech use reporting verbs like ‘wished’ or ‘prayed’ in indirect speech. The sentence structure becomes ‘…that + subject + might + verb’.

Correct Answer: (A) The sum is so difficult that I cannot solve it.

Explanation: The simple sentence structure ‘too…for me to…’ is expanded into a complex sentence using ‘so…that I cannot…’.

Correct Answer: (D) All of the above.

Explanation: The compound sentence can be simplified in various ways: using a present participle (‘Seeing…’), a prepositional phrase with a noun (‘at the sight of…’), or another prepositional phrase with a gerund (‘On seeing…’). All three options are correct.

Correct Answer: (B) The letter had not been delivered by the postman.

Explanation: The active voice is in Past Perfect Tense (had + V3). The passive form for Past Perfect is ‘had + been + V3’. The object ‘the letter’ becomes the subject.

Correct Answer: (A) It does not matter much even if we happen to be late.

Explanation: The rhetorical question ‘What though…?’ is an expression of dismissal, meaning that the following clause is not of great consequence. The assertive form captures this meaning.

Correct Answer: (B) He was ill, so he did not come.

Explanation: A complex sentence with an adverbial clause of reason (‘As he was ill…’) can be converted to a compound sentence using a coordinative conjunction of result like ‘so’ or ‘therefore’.

Correct Answer: (B) He exclaimed with sorrow that he was undone.

Explanation: For exclamatory sentences expressing sorrow (‘Alas!’), the reporting verb ‘said’ is changed to ‘exclaimed with sorrow’ or ‘exclaimed sadly’. The conjunction ‘that’ is used, and the interjection is removed.

Correct Answer: (C) Mumbai is one of the richest Indian cities.

Explanation: A positive degree sentence starting with ‘Very few…’ implies that the subject is part of an elite group, but not necessarily the single best. This is correctly expressed in the superlative using ‘one of the richest…’.

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and B are correct.

Explanation: The complex sentence with the adjective clause ‘that I can spare’ can be simplified by using an infinitive ‘to spare’ or by using the adjective ‘spare’ before the noun ‘money’. Both are correct simple sentences.

Correct Answer: (A) The news is so good that it cannot be true.

Explanation: This is a standard transformation. ‘too + adjective + to + infinitive’ changes to ‘so + adjective + that + subject + cannot + verb’. The implication of ‘too good to be true’ is that its goodness makes its truthfulness seem impossible.

Correct Answer: (D) His words are not wasted by a wise man.

Explanation: The object ‘his words’ becomes the subject. The verb ‘does not waste’ (Simple Present Negative) becomes ‘are not wasted’ (are + not + V3). The subject ‘a wise man’ becomes the agent.

Correct Answer: (B) She is as intelligent as her brother.

Explanation: ‘Not less…than’ is a form of litotes that means ‘at least as much as’. The affirmative equivalent is ‘as…as’, indicating equality in the quality being compared.

Correct Answer: (B) The crowd was dispersed by the police.

Explanation: The object ‘the crowd’ becomes the subject. The verb ‘dispersed’ (Simple Past) becomes ‘was dispersed’ (was + V3). The subject ‘The police’ becomes the agent. ‘Crowd’ is a collective noun and is treated as a singular unit here, so ‘was’ is correct, not ‘were’.

Correct Answer: (B) He exclaimed that it was a great pity they had missed the match.

Explanation: ‘What a pity’ expresses regret. The reporting verb becomes ‘exclaimed’. The exclamatory phrase is turned into a statement ‘it was a great pity’. ‘you missed’ changes to ‘they had missed’ (Simple Past to Past Perfect).

Correct Answer: (D) All of the above.

Explanation: The complex conditional sentence can be simplified using various phrases: a prepositional phrase with a gerund (‘Without mending…’), an infinitive of purpose (‘to avoid ruin’), or a phrase like ‘In the event of…’. All options are grammatically correct simple sentences that preserve the original meaning.

Correct Answer: (C) One can always mend.

Explanation: This is an aphorism. ‘Never too late to mend’ means you can always change for the better. The negative concept (‘never too late’) is best expressed affirmatively as ‘always possible’ or ‘can always’. Option C is the most direct and common affirmative equivalent.

Correct Answer: (C) The Moon is not as large as the Earth.

Explanation: To change a comparative sentence to positive, the subjects are swapped and a negative ‘not as/so…as’ structure is used with the positive form of the adjective (‘large’).

Correct Answer: (B) Duty must be done.

Explanation: When the subject of the active sentence is an indefinite pronoun like ‘one’, ‘people’, or ‘they’, it is usually omitted in the passive voice. The object ‘duty’ (or ‘one’s duty’) becomes the subject, and ‘must do’ becomes ‘must be done’. ‘Duty must be done’ is the most idiomatic and standard passive form.

Correct Answer: (A) Besides being foolish, he is obstinate.

Explanation: The compound structure ‘not only…but also…’ can be made simple using a prepositional phrase like ‘Besides being…’. Option C, ‘as well as’, still functions as a coordinator, keeping it compound. Option (A) creates a clear simple sentence with one main clause.

Correct Answer: (A) I wish I were young again.

Explanation: An exclamatory sentence starting with ‘Oh, that…’ expresses a strong, often unrealizable, wish. This is converted to an assertive sentence using the verb ‘wish’. The subjunctive mood (‘were’) is retained.

Correct Answer: (A) It is known that he is a kind man.

Explanation: The simple sentence with the passive infinitive ‘to be’ can be expanded into a complex sentence starting with an introductory ‘It’ followed by a noun clause ‘that he is a kind man’. (D) is also complex but changes the agent from general ‘known’ to specific ‘Everyone knows’.

Correct Answer: (A) The teacher asked the boy why he had come late.

Explanation: The reporting verb is ‘asked’. For a WH-question, the WH-word ‘why’ acts as the conjunction. The question form ‘did you come’ (Simple Past) is changed to the statement form ‘he had come’ (Past Perfect), and the question mark is removed.

Correct Answer: (C) I am not as rich as you are.

Explanation: To change the comparative sentence to a negative one without changing meaning, the subjects are interchanged, and the ‘not as/so… as’ structure is used with the positive form of the adjective.

Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C are correct.

Explanation: The simple sentence shows purpose. This can be converted to a compound sentence using ‘and’ to show a positive outcome (‘Work hard and succeed’) or ‘or’ to show a negative alternative (‘Work hard or you won’t succeed’). Both are valid compound structures.

Correct Answer: (B) Tell me what your name is.

Explanation: The noun ‘name’ is expanded into a noun clause ‘what your name is’. In an embedded question (a question within a statement or command), the word order is that of a statement (subject + verb), not a question (verb + subject).

Correct Answer: (C) Only a fool would do this.

Explanation: The negative structure ‘None but…’ is converted to the affirmative by replacing it with ‘Only…’.

Correct Answer: (B) The sun rose and the fog disappeared.

Explanation: The simple sentence uses a nominative absolute construction (‘The sun having risen’). This can be expanded into two independent clauses joined by ‘and’ to form a compound sentence. The two events happened in sequence.

Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C are correct.

Explanation: This is a famous rhetorical question, implying that something fundamental cannot be changed. The assertive form must be negative. Both (B) and (C) correctly express this impossibility.

Correct Answer: (A) The fact that he is silent proves his guilt.

Explanation: The noun ‘silence’ is expanded into a noun clause ‘that he is silent’. To make it the subject of the sentence, it is fronted by ‘The fact’. This creates a proper complex sentence.

Correct Answer: (B) People believe that he died in an accident.

Explanation: The passive structure ‘He is believed…’ has an implied general agent like ‘People’ or ‘They’. To make it active, we use ‘People believe…’ as the main clause and convert the rest into a noun clause ‘that he died in an accident’. Option A is also a valid transformation but remains in the passive voice (‘It is believed’).

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and C are correct.

Explanation: The positive degree sentence ‘A is not as… as B’ means that B is superior in that quality. This can be expressed in two ways in the comparative: ‘B is more… than A’ (He is stronger than I am) or by using the opposite adjective, ‘A is less… than B’ (I am weaker than he is).

Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C are correct.

Explanation: Sentences starting with ‘Let’s…’ are suggestions or proposals. In indirect speech, the reporting verb changes to ‘suggested’ or ‘proposed’. The structure is ‘suggested/proposed to [object] that [subject] should + V1’.

Correct Answer: (B) If he does not run fast, he will miss the train.

Explanation: The infinitive of purpose (‘to catch’) can be expressed using a conditional clause (‘If…’). Option C is also complex, but ‘must run’ changes to ‘runs’, altering the sense of necessity slightly. B perfectly captures the conditional nature implied.

Correct Answer: (A) It would be a pleasure for me to do it.

Explanation: The adverbial phrase ‘with pleasure’ is transformed by making ‘pleasure’ a noun, which serves as the complement in the new sentence structure. ‘It would be a pleasure…’ is the most idiomatic transformation.

Correct Answer: (A) He finished the task in time.

Explanation: The passive voice ‘was finished’ is in the Simple Past tense. Its active counterpart is the V2 form of the verb, which is ‘finished’. The agent ‘by him’ becomes the subject ‘He’.

Correct Answer: (D) Both B and C are correct.

Explanation: A negative rhetorical question (‘Was he not…?’) implies a strong affirmative statement. It means he certainly was a villain. Both (B) and (C) express this affirmative idea correctly, with (C) using the adjectival form ‘villainous’.

Correct Answer: (C) He is so tired that he cannot work anymore.

Explanation: The structure ‘too + adjective + to + verb’ is replaced by ‘so + adjective + that + subject + cannot/could not + verb’. As the main verb ‘is’ is in the present tense, ‘cannot’ is used.

Correct Answer: (B) Very few cities in India are as rich as Mumbai.

Explanation: The comparative form ‘…than most other…’ implies that the subject is among the top tier, but not unique. To change this to the positive degree, we start with ‘Very few…’ and use the ‘as…as’ structure.

Correct Answer: (B) He applauded him, saying that he had done well.

Explanation: The interjection ‘Bravo!’ expresses approval or applause. The most appropriate reporting verb is ‘applauded’. The structure ‘applauded [object], saying that…’ is the standard way to report this.

Correct Answer: (D) Do not walk on the grass.

Explanation: The passive statement ‘is forbidden’ implies a command or rule. The most direct and natural active voice equivalent is the imperative command ‘Do not…’.

Correct Answer: (A) Seeing the clouds, we returned home.

Explanation: To combine two simple sentences where one action follows another, a present participle (‘Seeing…’) can be used to subordinate the first action, creating a simple sentence.

Correct Answer: (C) It is time to ring the bell.

Explanation: The structure ‘It is time for [object] to be + V3’ is a passive construction. Its active counterpart is ‘It is time to + V1 + [object]’.

Correct Answer: (C) He is a very knowledgeable man.

Explanation: The prepositional phrase ‘of great knowledge’ functions as an adjective. It can be replaced by the adjective ‘knowledgeable’. ‘Very’ can be added to reflect ‘great’.

Correct Answer: (D) Both A and B are correct.

Explanation: A compound sentence where one clause is an imperative and the other is a consequence can be converted to a complex conditional sentence. ‘If you do X, Y will happen’ is the positive condition. ‘Unless you do X, Y will not happen’ is the negative condition. Both correctly represent the original meaning.

Correct Answer: (B) I was not sure that it was you.

Explanation: To change the affirmative ‘I was doubtful’ to negative without changing the meaning, we use the opposite of ‘doubtful’ (which is ‘sure’) in a negative construction. ‘Doubtful’ means ‘not sure’.

Correct Answer: (B) The problem is too difficult for me to solve.

Explanation: This is the reverse of a previous transformation type. ‘so…that I cannot…’ is converted to ‘too…for me to…’.

Correct Answer: (B) The matter is being looked into by the management.

Explanation: The active verb is in Present Continuous tense (‘is looking into’). The passive form for Present Continuous is ‘is/am/are + being + V3’. The phrasal verb ‘look into’ must be kept together.

Correct Answer: (D) All of the above.

Explanation: The complex sentence with a noun clause can be simplified in several ways: using an infinitive with an object (‘me to go’), using a noun phrase (‘a desire for me…’), or using a possessive with a gerund (‘my going…’). All three are valid simple sentence structures.

Correct Answer: (B) He ran away to escape arrest.

Explanation: The complex sentence with an adverbial clause of purpose (‘so that he might…’) can be simplified using an infinitive of purpose (‘to escape…’).

Correct Answer: (B) You are a great fool.

Explanation: The exclamatory ‘What a…!’ is changed to assertive by using ‘…a great…’ or ‘…a very…’. This captures the intensity of the exclamation.

Correct Answer: (A) He was appointed governor by the President.

Explanation: The object ‘him’ becomes the subject ‘He’. The verb ‘appointed’ (Simple Past) becomes ‘was appointed’ (was + V3). The object complement ‘governor’ remains in its position after the verb.

Correct Answer: (D) Gold is the most precious substance.

Explanation: A positive degree sentence starting with ‘No other…’ indicates the subject is unique in its quality. This is transformed into the superlative degree using ‘the most…’.

Correct Answer: (D) He wished to have a cup of tea.

Explanation: When ‘Let me…’ expresses a personal wish or desire, it can be reported using ‘wished’ followed by an infinitive. This is a concise and accurate transformation.

Correct Answer: (D) All of the above.

Explanation: The passive sentence has an omitted agent. The active voice requires a subject. Since the agent is unspecified, any general pronoun like ‘We’, ‘You’, or ‘One’ can be used as the subject to make the sentence active.